French Agriculture and the Industrial Crisis of 1788 - Free Essay Example

Brought about by the reforms in the taxation system, the agrarian crisis during the years 1788-1789 became the cause of disorder due to the resulting food shortages. Due to the food shortage, there was an increase in demand for food, which, in turn, resulted with a increase of prices. Because of the reformed tax system, the poor were unable to afford food, thus causing a mass hunger within their social class. As a result, the ones in poverty began forming their own revolutions against this crisis of hunger. During the French Revolution, there was a wide gap between the social classes. While the middle class remained influential during these times, there were people known as the Revolutionaries in the Streets. Due to the wide gap between the rich and poor, the poor received low wages and had a fear of unemployment. Due to their dislike and distrust of the wealthy, the feared the possibility of conspiracy, whereas the rich feared the revolution of the poor and the abolition of the nobility. These revolutions further inspired more revolutions from the poor that would eventually re-shape the French. Because of the troubled political and financial situation France was in at the time, King Louis the XVI summoned the Estates General in 1789, a general assembly representing the French estates of the realmthe clergy, the nobility, and the commonersto propose petitions and solutions to the governments problems (Wilde). This assembly last convened in 1614, which signified the severity of the matters to be discussed in 1789 (Chisholm). The First and the Second Estates were the clergy and the nobility, who were generally exempt from taxes. The burden of the French governments financial problems therefore rested upon members of the Third Estate, who were required to pay taxes. King Louis XVIs plans of heavier taxation which generally affected members of the Third Estate were met with extreme dissent from the members of this assembly. Before the session on 5 May 1789, it was already agreed upon that the Third Estate shall have double representation, meaning that they would have twice the number of votes as the other two estates. When the Estates-General finally convened at Versailles, however, it became apparent that this double representation would not be of any meritinstead, the vote of the Third Estate would be weighed equally with the vote of the other Estates. This led to an impasse among the Estates, who instead of discussing propositions for taxation and the governments finances, debated and argued over their own structures and hold of power (The First Revolution). This eventually led to Abbe Sieys urging members of the Third Estate (now named the Commune) to verify their own power, and to invite the other Estates to take part in this change. They declared themselves the National Assembly who were an assembly of the People, not of the Estates. Support eventually poured in from the clergy and the nobility. One may say that France, before the revolution, is synonymous to extravagance. The monarchy thrived in rich, luxurious lifestyles that eventually proved to be their downfall. To support their lifestyle, the upper class had to greatly tax the common people. Coupled with the debt their extravagant lifestyle gave them was the already tumultuous amount of debt that France had while participating in the American Revolution against the British. (The French Revolution) And so, even with the high taxes imposed on the peasantry, they needed more money to pay off all the debts theyve incurred. Of course, high taxes on the already poor people and produce would crush and drive an economy to the ground. As was mentioned before, the monarchy lived extravagantly while the rest of the populace struggled with the heavy taxes imposed on their produce. However, the clergy was exempt from taxes, due to a very impractical allocation of taxes. Hence all taxes were focused on the common folk, and ignoring the nobles and the clergy. Louis XVI tried to resist this new power, closing down their meeting place at Salle des Etats. A furious National Assembly then assembled at the kings nearby tennis court (now known as the Tennis Court Oath) and pledged that they will not separate until they have given France a constitution. They reconstituted themselves as the National Constituent Assembly on July 9 1789. The National Constituent Assembly gained tremendous support from the Parisian people. So much so that the King ordered troops to be present at the venues at which the Assembly convened; he also offered to move the Assembly to Noyon or Soissons, (notably in between two armies) where it would be far from the support of the people of Paris. This sparked outrage among the people which eventually led to the Storming of the Bastille, symbolically the start of the French Revolution (Mignet). The Great Fear (Grande Peur) during 1789 in the French Revolution was a period of panic and distress by the people especially peasants. This was due to the rumors of a conspiracy by the aristocrats and the privileged which may result to the overthrowing of the Third Estate. The killing of the peasants and the seizing of their property were also part of this conspiracy. This resulted to fear among the Parisians but this fear also gave way to their revolt to prevent the conspiracy. They attacked Bastille to be able to get guns and gunpowder. During the attack, they were able to kill the commander and some of his men and frightened the king as well since he was not only opposed by the citizens but the military as well. In addition to this, feudalism and the Old Regime was also taking place during that time. However, the upheaval of the peasants also made the aristocrats realize that they could no longer protect the Old Regime. The nobles gave up their feudal rights one after another so on August 4, 1789, the National Assembly announced the end of feudalism in France. The Churchs right to demand taxes and the nobilitys right to take fees were removed. More reforms were implemented along with the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen. With all of these, feudalism and the Old Regime reached its end. The events that have transpired in the early years of the revolution caused tension between France and other countries that were considered to be its traditional rivals. One of these was Austria. They saw that the Revolution caused the weakening of France. However, not only these countries were still experiencing fear due to the revolution but France as well. France feared of a Counter-Revolution by Austria to support the emigres (nobles who fled the country). Their main aim was to restore the old way of government and to prevent their own governments to be destabilized. The prevention of rebellion beyond French borders was also one of the reasons why Counter-Revolution took place. So, on April 20, 1792, France declared war on Austria. Austria got support from Prussia and invaded France afterwards. They threatened to destroy Paris if ever the king and queen were harmed. Of course, France got angry due to this threat. The Parisians attacked the palace which killed hundreds of guards a nd servants. The birth of a temporary government called the Commune commenced. The king was imprisoned and the election of a new assembly took place. During the course of the revolution, the French republic faced crisis. Conditions became desperate due to the jump in food prices. As an effect, the looting of stores took place. A counter-revolutionary movement by the nobles and the peasants also came about. Even among the revolutionaries themselves, conflict and violence became so apparent. So, the leaders of the Mountain lead by Georges Danton and Maximilien Robespierre from the political club Jacobins established the Committee of Public Safety. Although the leaders came from the bourgeoisie, a realization came about that they needed support from the common people that time since there were plenty of them. The committee that they established aimed to help the poor by regulating the prices and supply of the goods which are necessary. The regulation and setting-up of industries to produce weapons for the army was also established. This committee also called on the whole nation to partake in the war efforts. All able-bodied men were drafted for army service. This implies that the nation became more mobile since everyone had tasks to do. Women worked in hospitals and children helped by collecting old clothes to make bandages. There was efficiency present. Even the elderly helped by making sure that patriotism would arise by giving speeches. Overall, France became truly prepared for war and was more mobilized than before not only due to the participation of all the people but also the crisis was stopped from rampantly spreading further. Feudalism is an idea that enforces a ruler that would have power based on the territory he has. And, with his power, he could employ workers that would work for him in the hopes of attaining land, thus, attaining power. This introduced a system that demanded the workers to work harder in order for them to attain power. This system could be abused by the rulers, or even those who attain power and give it to others. During the Revolution, this power was then put to challenge by those who were under. The revolution introduced the people to different new things. Workers, who realized that they had more power than what they had thought, started to fight back and rebel against the nobility. The nobility, afraid of any more opposition, declared the August Decrees, which liberated the workers of any control of their landlords. Economy-wise, this step would pull down production of any landlords plans of producing crops. Workers were freed and thus left the production of any agriculture. Dominating Frane, the sans culottes were the laborers that created the foundation of the French Revolution from 1792-1794. As wage earners, they had to thrive with maximum effort for survivability. Inflation rose throughout the nation, making money even harder to come by. With their financial state at an all time, the sans culottes were forced to project more effort than they already gave to put bread on the table. The overload of work pushed them to the realization of the injustice of it all. Their lifestyle was harsh but the state of it was caused by the monarchy. Of course, with the higher classes being given all their resources without even lifting a finger, the sans culottes were outraged at the fact. They wanted to be able to go through life without working till their deathbeds just to be fed. Jacobins also shared this idea but they were more radical, wanting more and demanding more. He then began to work with them, forming a group called the Mountain. They began taking control of the convention and reformed the state of monarchy. With that, they were able to put Louis XVI on trial. In an attempt to reform the impractical measures of taxation, the Estates General was convened. This was a gathering of Frances three main social classes. The first estate was the clergy, the second is the nobles, and the third is the rest of the population of France, peasants and the like. (REFERENCE) In a failed attempt to outvote the other two Estates for a fair form of taxation for all, the Third Estate refused to be treated as an inferior member and formed the National Assembly. They wanted a fair way of representing the vast majority of the French people, and sought to change the voting per delegate, not per estate, which would give the Third Estate more power over the two others. This did not bode well for the National Assembly and was locked out of the courtroom while drafting their constitution. The monarchy, sensing a possible power struggle, threatened to use force against the Third Estate delegates, but the people of France revolted, and what happened next was the sacking of Bastille. (REFERENCE) As for the effects in culture, because of the revolutions, some beliefs have been changed. An example of this would be the empowerment of women. Before 1789, ideas such as womens rights for education, and taking active positions outside of the home were looked down upon and casted aside. However, even though women never gained full political rights during the French Revolution, they still actively participated through various forms such as: rioting over the price of food, joined clubs organized by women, attending meetings of political clubs, joining clubs organized by women, and taking part in movements against the Revolution. At the end of it, even though womens political activism were rising and falling, they were seen as symbols of revolutionary values. Most of the revolutionary values: liberty, equality, fraternity, reason, the Republic, were represented by female figures. Another change of belief within the French Revolution would be the view of the people towards the monarchs. In line with the womens protests about food shortage, the mob managed to take the royal family to come with them two Paris and had Louis sign the Declaration of the Rights of Man (1789). Even still, though they had an eye on the monarchs, the people still remained suspicious of them. And at the end, in an act of misguided duty to the monarchies of Europe, Prussias Duke of Brunswick wrote that he would raze Paris to the ground if the king were harmed. The Parisian press printed the letter for the whole city to see, enraging the people. The royal family were seen as traitors. The Declaration of the Rights of Man showed its importance also in the cultural aspect as it gave the people ideals of liberty and equality. Though the declaration neither addresses women nor slavery, it is a precursor to international human rights. With this, the people have gained a natural right to property, liberty, and life. In 1793-1794 however, there was a period called the Reign of Terror. The purpose was to eradicate France of enemies of the revolution and to protect the country from foreign invaders. In this period of nine months, seventeen thousand people were guillotined. This was seen as an emergency response to a crisis situation aimed at eliminating political crimes that threatened the state. With this and the passing of the law of suspects in September 1793, the government moved farther away from the liberal ideas of the early revolution, and more towards a police state. Due to the Revolution, different ideologies and beliefs were conceived that helped with the unity of the country. One of these would be nationalism. Nationalism can be put in many simple manners. A strong definition would be a country in arms. This would be a united country with one goal. The revolution exposed different oppositions within and outside the society. This may consist of external threats that may capture or cripple the power of the military. The internal threats could cripple the system from the inside through corruption, disunity and opposing ideas. Different personalities brought up the need to establish nationalism. Jean-Paul Marat, whose newspaper attacked the nobility and politicians, showed the internal fight between the people. Outsiders who threatened the country through invasion and war would be the external examples. The point is, nationalism was brought up in order to resolve the inner and outer threats of the country. And, because of the experiences of the people, the leaders then established nationalism as a solution and guide to unity. The abolishment of absolute powers was a necessary action to be taken in order to balance the rights and privileges of the people. Absolute powers not only limited the power of the people, but also their spirit. It can be seen that the improvement of society began during the Renaissance, when the freedom of intellectual discovery was introduced to the common people. These made the majority open up and eventually conceive the greatest minds in modern society. Feudalism showed another limit for the common people. The advantage of rulers with land is that land was equal to the power that each ruler had. The two ideas that were abolished showed one thing: monopoly power that only FEW people could have. So, through the abolishment, power was then given to those the people had appointed and therefore gave the people a say to who is in power and why they wanted them to be. Containing those who identify themselves as the middle class, the bourgeoisie unified as the National Guard the same time the sans culottes stormed Bastille. Seeing as how there were unable to defend themselves, the power passed on to the bourgeoisie. With power at hand, they became stronger with further events such as the marching of women on October 6. They reached the royal palace of Versailles and demanded bread. With force, they were accompanied back to Paris with the king himself. Since the power became strong enough to have administrations crash all throughout France, all regional and local power were then given the bourgeoisie. They were able to abolish indirect taxes and all internal custom duties. With no financial revenue, they sought out help from the church. By the agreement, the church was then taken part of the counter-revolution. The revolution had realized one of its goals by bringing down the monarchy, but the government with which they tried to replace it with was one with weak influence and power. Even in its early stages, the revolutions governmental body, the National Assembly, did not have enough influence to control the masses in chaotic times. Peasants in the countryside had taken matters into their own hands, which brought about the Great Fear, wherein manors were ransacked and burnt down by peasants intending to escape their feudal contracts (Reference). The Assembly was unable to control such violence, showing their weak influential power. The Assembly eventually changed to a new body, called the Directory. However, the Directory lacked strong leaders as most of the leading personalities of the revolution were executed in the Reign of Terror. Due to its ineffectiveness as a governmental body, the Directory was eventually disbanded (Reference). Without the aid of the government, the already poor economy of France continued to decline. In spite of the changes brought about by the National Assembly, the masses continued to experience poverty and hunger. The failure to address such issues was what had lead the women to march to Versailles (Reference). The quality of life in France after the revolution had not improved significantly, especially with the damage brought about by the wars against neighboring countries (Reference).

Renewebal Energy Wind power Essay - 774 Words

Nowday, we use the fossil fuels for many things. Fossil fuels are the fossils of plants and animals that died. We need fossil fuels for electricities, cooking, and even shampoo we use every day. The most common fossil fuels was coal, oil, and gases, but now scientist estimated that after 150 years, we will be running out of fossil fuels. Another fact was that the digging up the fossil fuels create a huge amount of pollution, and it really harms the environment.The best solution was using the wind power as our energy. Wind power is electricity that is powered by the windmill, this power is renewable, and sustainable, which means that it would be always able to get electricity from it unless there aren’t any wind. The wind power worked†¦show more content†¦At last they built many wind farm which has the UK’s strongest wind, and could be able to provide more electricity for UK. In 1991, 70 wind farms already provides 0.2% of the UK’s energy usage, and now,w ind power could provide 10% of UK’s energy. So that the wind power brings a lot of advantages for many places and it could be able to reserve energy from fossil fuels. My chosen renewable energy source, which is wind power, was better than the other renewable sources. It is able to provide huge amount of energies for some place. My chosen renewable energy was better than both hydro electric power and geothermal energy, because that both of them was very expensive, and there are very limited sites, which might not be able to have such as many place for them to be used. For example, the hydro-electric power, it was very expensive to build the dam, and you must chose a certain sites, which means that there are limits for the site. Also that after you built it, there is a big risk that a large area are going to flood, which might create a larger cost to recover it. It most important was that the wild habit will be lost, which means that the tress will be cutter down, and people w on’t be able to live there any more. But the wind power have a low cost and there could still be people living around the wind farm. Another example was that the Geothermal energy, which means â€Å"the heat from earth† It has limited sites, and it costs a

Guidelines for writing the best report

Okay, here you are, having an assignment for writing a report. As every normal person, you want your report to be the best, for it to be presentable, and deliberate. In order to achieve this you should try your best and follow some of our suggestions, that will significantly improve you report. The biggest attention you should pay on the language that you use. It should be formal, but understandable. Try to use the minimal amount of terms and hard words, but make it sophisticated. Carefully look through your report to find and get rid of all grammar and orthographical mistakes. In a report, the most important thing is the concrete point of view. So try not to use general phrases and expressions that only confuse the reader. The best way to present your report is to present a current problem and your ideas on how to resolve it. Make your report logically completed, and smart. Try to base it on numbers but do not overuse statistics, as it can be really boring to read only numbers. When writing explanations, try to stress on the most important parts of your report, and of course make accent on the purpose of it. Try to gather enough information to have what to talk about, and do not jump from topic to topic. Pay attention to every problem of your report equally, and try to open all the problems logically and in chronological order. Try to stress on the main problems but dont forget to mention all other things. And try to make it as detailed as possible, in order to open the topic 100%. The most popular unsatisfied readers comment is The topic was not opened, so make sure that the reader of your report wont have this comment. One of the most important principles of making report is to get better then the standard. So dont reach the top and stop, try to overcome as much as possible. Keep your ideas clear and focused. It should be developed and logically finished. Avoid too much general overviews. Try to write a report for the reader in a way for him to understand the main part if he skips the details. When you are required to read a big pile of reports, and not all of them are so successful as yours, you get bored and skip some parts of the writing. Always acknowledge someones ideas; it will not diminish your own ideas. Making others ideas look bad does not make your own ideas look good and vice versa. Do not forget to mention things that are not developed by you, because it will be very awkward, if the reader knows whose ideas they really are. And you will get in trouble, and will be discredited with your own ideas. Do not be afraid to express your own ideas and thoughts. All you have to be sure is that they are completed and right from your point of view. Even if you are proved wrong, your report wont be discredited. Do not exceed the amount of pages that are required, because it is not very good. Try to write the exact amount that is required. To my guidelines, I would like to add the conclusion, that to make a great report paper, you should make a lot of efforts and desire it with all your heart.

Agile and Lean Supply Chain Management - 1719 Words

Leanness means developing a value stream to eliminate all waste, including time, and to ensure a level schedule. Agility means using market knowledge and a virtual corporation to exploit profitable opportunities in a volatile marketplace. Leagile is the combination of the lean and agile paradigms within a total supply chain strategy by positioning the decoupling point so as to best suit the need for responding to a volatile demand downstream yet providing level scheduling upstream from the marketplace. The decoupling point separates the part of the organisation (supply chain) oriented towards customer orders from the part of the organisation (supply chain) based on planning. In this report, I attempt to prepare the literature review of†¦show more content†¦However, to deal with intensification of competition and dynamic demands, the company was proactive in forming business alliance to pull product into the marketplace quickly. In this way, the company was exhibiting an agil e approach. Company 4, premium brand manufacturer/retailer, also concentrated on building relationships, again to achieve leagility in the supply chain. This was mandatory as the company was dealing with a high quality fashion product with small batch quantities. In summary, they concluded companies in textiles and clothing needed to be able to respond quickly to changing markets and be able to provide quick replenishment. However, they were not able to store large quantities as products had a very short life cycle and fashion markets were seasonal. Therefore, the textiles and clothing industry did not neatly fit into either a lean or agile supply chain paradigm, but instead it was a combination of the two paradigms, leagile. Agarwal et al. (2006) presented a framework for modelling and assessing the performance of lean, agile and leagile supply chain on the basis interdependent variables. Considering the performance of supply chain which implies how much the supply chain is respons ive to the needs of the markets, they implemented and utilized the framework for modelling performance of lean, agile and leagile supply chain. By using the framework, they could analyse theShow MoreRelatedLeagility Defined for the Supply Chain1004 Words   |  5 PagesLeagility Defined for the Supply Chain Two words, lean and agile, combine to make the word leagility. Supply chain managers need lean supply lines to eliminate waste and keep costs low. They also require agile supply chains to get the right amount of the product to the right place in order to satisfy the ever-changing nature of the marketplace. Traditional management recommended a lean supply chain for products with a stable demand, yet low profit margin. Conversely, products with a high profitRead MoreWeek 1 Assignment:Intangible Qualities Of Public Transit,1455 Words   |  6 PagesIntangible Qualities of Public Transit, Supply Chain Management and Time-Based Competition, and the Leagile Supply Chain Cara E. Pascarella TLMT502 – Dr. Wyatt â€Æ' Abstract This paper seeks to answer multiple questions regarding logistics and transportation. The first response provides some intangible qualities of public transportation systems that allow them to flourish in large cities. Secondly, the paper discussed the formation of supply chain management and how it has been affected by time-basedRead MoreWhat does Leagility mean in reference to supply chain design?1088 Words   |  5 Pageswork-in-process and finished goods inventories. The term Leagility was introduced in the supply chain design to avoid or minimize inflexibility and overage in the supply chain by making it lean and agile. This will keep production cost down and allow the supply chain to be flexible enough to keep up with the uncertainties and rapid changes on product demand. The term Leagility is based on two paradigms: Lean and Agility operations, not only by the combination of the two words, but also by theRead MoreBeer Simulation773 Words   |  3 PagesI had a significant surplus in inventory. Therefore, rather than minimizing the bullwhip of supply and demand, I exacerbated the problem by limiting my supply well below the number of orders coming in, much less below what I could fill with the backlog and incoming orders. This error on my part certainly led to increasing instability, not only in my own incoming orders, but also in the entire supply chain. The simulation also kept auto-filling my initial order, which was only 10,000 cases, desp iteRead MoreBenefits Of Supply Chain Management1677 Words   |  7 Pageswhich allow companies to capture their customers’ voice. Supply chain stages hear the voice from the customers and react to them appropriately using flexible automated warehousing, and rapid logistics through the electronic data interchange. New concepts like lean manufacturing; agile manufacturing among others in partnership with the new technology has been used to improve performance(Ben Naylor, Naim and Berry). Performance of many supply chains has been worse due to quite a number of reasons likeRead MoreStrategic Initiatives772 Words   |  4 Pagesachieve its targeted performance (en.wikipedia.org). The strategic initiatives from our list include the following: 1. Efficient Consumer Response (ECR): Lean Manufacturing Japan (2008) stated that ECR â€Å"is a strategy to increase the level of services to consumers through the close cooperation among retailers, wholesalers and manufacturers. Lean Manufacturing Japan (2008), also stated that â€Å"ECR reduces the opportunity loss, inventory level, and entire cost, increases monetary profitability by sharingRead MoreDistribution Network Design And How They Are Managing Their Logistics1487 Words   |  6 Pagespackaging and distribution in its global markets (Goransson, 2007). With HM operating in operating in 53 countries and having their main headquarters in Stockholm Sweden (HM, 2014). It is clear that HM uses a more centralized approach where key management activities take place at the company headquarters in Stockholm (Dickson, 2009). HM made the shift to a more global standardized strategy because it believed by doing so, the company can gain significant economies of scale (Dickson, 2009). The useRead MoreGeneral Electric Medical Systems, 2002.2891 Words   |  12 PagesThe agile supply chain: Marketplace if the 21 century are often characterised by proliferation(Ã'Æ'Ð ²Ã µÃ »Ã ¸Ã'‡Ð µÃ ½Ã ¸Ã µ) of products and services, shorter product life-cycle and increased rates of product innovation. There it is not enough today to simply response at the right time in different customers’ needs of such marketplace. The main aim of logistics today is to ensure that it is the right product that is delivered in the right place at the right time. And different tools of agile supply chain are reallyRead MoreLean and Agile Supply Chain Strategies4934 Words   |  20 Pages| Lean and Agile Supply Chain Strategies | Seminar in Business Economics | | 30-03-2012 | Table of Contents Introduction 2 Subject 2 Purpose 3 Problem Formulation 3 Definition of Concepts 4 Theory and Methodology 5 Limitations 6 Structure 6 Exploratory Analysis 7 Lean Supply Chain: Toyota Motor Corporation 7 Agile Supply Chain: Dell 9 Comparison of the Two Strategies 10 Leagile Supply Chain: Hennes Mauritz 12 Discussion 15 Summary and Conclusion 17 ListRead MoreAnalyzing The Total Quality Management And Control Techniques Used By The Famous Fashion Retailer1960 Words   |  8 PagesTQM were applied to their overall supply chain and product development, and they began enhancing and spreading their business worldwide. The term total quality management is a comprehensive and structured approach that helps organizations make improvements in the quality of its products and services. These improvements are done by making necessary amendments based on customer feedback. The purpose of writing the report is to analyze the total quality management and control techniques used by the

Film Review The Death Of Cinema - 2045 Words

CRITICALLY DISCUSS ANY OF THE FILMS SCREENED IN THE COURSE IN RELATION TO DISCOURSES SURROUNDING THE â€Å"DEATH OF CINEMA†. WHY ARE SUCH IDEAS/DISCOURSES ATTRACTIVE TO PARTICULAR FILMMAKERS AND TYPES OF CINEMA? Notions surrounding the â€Å"death of cinema† have been infiltrating cinema discourses for many years now. As we move away from cinema in its ‘purist’ form, we have almost completely transitioned into the digital age, and with this transition, ideas and opinions on the ultimate fate of cinema have become more popular and important. Many contribute technological advances in film as the driving force behind the dissolution of cinema’s distinctive art form. Yet this involuntary â€Å"transformation† of cinema is but one â€Å"death† in a group of discourses. As Michael Witt (1999) summarizes in his article The death(s) of cinema according to Godard, cinema has suffered not a single death, but â€Å"a series of deaths†. Jean-Luc Godard has for many decades been at the forefront of the discussion surrounding the death of Cinema. For the purpose of this essay, I will investigate the death of cinema as a series of deaths: three as identified by Jean-Luc Godard, as well as the ideas surrounding the ‘modern death’ of cinema – technological change and the corporatisation of film. Furthermore, I will aim to understand why such discourses hold such importance to certain auteurs and types of cinema. â€Å"Le cinema s est arrete dans les annees 20 avec le muet† translated into - Cinema stopped in theShow MoreRelatedFruit Chans Made in Hong Kong Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Made in Hong Kong (1997) is one of the independent films directed by the â€Å"grassroots director† Fruit Chan on low budget production. The cost of production was kept low by utilizing the leftover film reels and amateur actors such as Sam Lee Chan-Sam who has been awarded best New Artist in the 17th Annual Hong Kong Films Awards and nominated Best Actor in 35th Annual Golden Horse Awards. Made in Hong Kong is very much a vernacular film featuring the Hong Kong society and culture in 1997, particularlyRead MoreCentral Station Film Analysis1542 Words   |  6 PagesCentral Station Film Analysis In the film Central Station (Central do Brasil), Walter Salles presents the characters as on a journey to self-discovery. It is a film about identity. Central Station is a melodrama of transformation based on an anomalous-duo comprising of Dora, a jaded retired schoolteacher, and Josuà ©, a nine year-old boy, who embark on a cross-country journey in search of the boy’s father upon the unfortunate death of his mother. The film presents its analysts with many possible interpretationsRead MoreEssay about Film Noirs Effect on Modern Cinema1365 Words   |  6 PagesFilm Noirs Effect on Modern Cinema High heels click on wet pavement, shady detectives stand in the shadows, shots ring out through the cold, dark city night-just another moment in film noir. These seedy, almost underground films are considered to be some of the best and most influential pictures in the history of Hollywood by anyones standards, most certainly some of the darkest. Even though the glory days of film noir have long passed and given way to big budget productions, their influenceRead MoreReview Of Woody Allen s Wild Strawberries 1661 Words   |  7 PagesWoody Allen as a major influence in his craft of making films. Throughout the years of his career, spanning over decades, Allen has been heavily drawn to Bergman’s style as an art form, enough to impact his own style of telling stories in the cinematic medium. Bergman’s strong method of telling a story was truly riveting and groundbreaking in the entertainment industry, especially for the development of Swedish cinema. As for American cinema, Allen has left a huge footprint on the industry as wellRead MoreSex Scene On Film History1699 Words   |  7 Pagessexual scene on film history Javaad Tare L4 Film production History and Culture 2500 word January 2017 Abstract Those are probably the questions or wonderings that surrounds almost ever teen s day life, and also at least 90% people outside the Movie Business and Industry who just watch Movies.(not pornography) So How are sex scenes in movies shot? As an actor/actress, how is the experience? When the sexual scene added to the films? What the propose of using adult nature on films? Those questionRead MoreHarry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Reveiw1484 Words   |  6 Pagesactor and actress mastered their script in the best way possible. All in all, the directing of the movie quite fantastic the way the critic, Peter Travers, reviews in his article. I approve this comment, â€Å"The sixth of Rowling’s book to be filmed is that it’s an interim tease, all buildup and no release.† Actually, Travers defends in his review by saying â€Å"like that’s bad,† because the director of this movie, David Yates, did a great job on build up and release when the movie display a huge surpriseRead MoreThe Film, Like All Extremist Films1311 Words   |  6 Pages[form] of cinema that [sought] a more confrontational experience.† (Palmer, 22). Among the numerous films within the movement, few films have maintained their initial notoriety, and far less have continued to be as provocative as Martyrs (2008). Like other films within the New French Extremity, Martyrs aims to be uncompromising and unpleasant through its implementation of avant garde filming techniques and its pushing of social boundari es. From the opening sequence of Martyrs, the film, like allRead More Pointless Violence in the Movie (Film), Natural Born Killers566 Words   |  3 PagesPointless Violence in the Movie (Film), Natural Born Killers Daily, the public is bombarded with violence, not only on television, but also in other media, such as newspapers and tabloids. Natural Born Killers, a prime example of violence in the media, is a movie about two lovers, Mickey and Mallory Knox, who go on a killing spree across the Southwest. The movie takes a satirical look at how the media romanticizes violent crimes. Natural Born Killers has sparked a lot of controversy, as seenRead MoreEssay about Federico Fellini1702 Words   |  7 PagesItalian cinemas film directors was Federico Fellini, who became popular after World War II. The filmography of Fellini included 24 titles; of which won him five Academy Awards including the most Oscars in history for best foreign language film (Encyclopaedia Britannica). Federico Fellini’s influences have became such an integral part of the film industry, that some of his influences are barely even credited to him in todays society such as the word â€Å"paparazzi† which originate d in his film La DolceRead MoreVideo games in Hollywood1045 Words   |  4 Pagesbe considered art, â€Å"One obvious difference between art and games is that you can win a game. It has rules, points, objectives, and an outcome†¦.I would say then it ceases to be a game and becomes a representation of a story, a novel, a play, dance, a film. Those are things you cannot win; you can only experience them.† This general outlook has hindered the overall direction and growth of movie adaptions. Since video games are not considered to be art in its broadest terms, Hollywood has also failed

Poised Between Two Worlds free essay sample

This is because he likes doing thing that are usually only for adulthood, like drinking alcohol and smoking cigarettes. Holder was having an alcoholic drink with Luck even though he is only seventeen years Old, l kept sitting there getting drunk and waiting for old Tina and Jeanine to come out and do their stuff, but they werent there. (Peg. 165) This demonstrations how Holder loves the part of adulthood where you can drink, smoke, and hit on girls.This is because Holder wants to forget about his depression, so he does these things that are unhealthy for his body so he can just forget. Although Holder is trying to find out where he belongs, he tries to protect kids from loosing innocent too fast, But while I was sitting down, I saw somebody written Buck you on the wall. It drove me near crazy. Thought how Phoebe and all the other little kids would see it, and how they wonder what the hell it meant, and then finally some dirty kid would tell them-all cockeyed, naturally-what it meant, and how hed all think about it and maybe even worry about it for a couple of days. We will write a custom essay sample on Poised Between Two Worlds or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I kept wanting to kill whoever written it. (Peg. 221 ) This shows that Holder want to protect the innocents of little kids, and how he doesnt want them to grow up like adults. This is because he sees what the adult world does to kids, and he wants to change that as much as possible. In conclusion, Holder needs to prepare for adult hood, but he is only in high school, he shouldnt be drinking and smoking, because he is still a kid, only he needs to make decisions on his own.

Paul Fussell Thank God For The Atom Bomb Essay Example For Students

Paul Fussell Thank God For The Atom Bomb Essay At the end of WWII the americans droped the atom bomb on Hiroshima Aug 6 1945 and Nagasaki Aug 9 1945 two Japanease cities. This was a result of japans early attempts to make an empire in south-east asia. Japan had motives for making an empire in south-east asia. one was its growing population and it needed more space to expand, also Japan had little to none raw materials and they had to import them from other countries. After WWI Japan was disappointed because they fought along side the allied and at the end of the war Japan did not get what it expected also there militaristic government was persuaded by the generals to take the land it didnt resive after WWI, plus a little extra. During the 1930s and early 40s Japan set out to make an empire. In 1931 Japan Enginered an attack on Manchuria so it didnt look like they were invading it for no reason. The Japanease government said that Chinese bandits had tryed to blow up the Japanease owned railway there, the japanease used this excuse to take control of the whole of Manchuria. Japan also Enginered an attack on Easten China in 1937, they said that the Chinease shot at them across the Marco Polo Bridge, Japan used this excuse to start a full scale invasion of China. In 1941 Japan went on to invade and conquer Indo-ChinaVietnam. Japan called the area the took over The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere which shows that Japan thought that it was mighty and powerful. The initial international response for the USA and League Of Nations was they didnt want more fighting and more loss of life, but due to Japans sucsses in asia the USA and UK were starting to get scaired and in 1940 they made an economic sanction and planed to starve out Japan by not sending any raw materials. The Japanease planed an attack on Pearl Harbor an American Base in Hawaii befor they were starved out. At 8am on Sunday 7 December the Japanease pilots bombed and sunk 8 battleships, destroyed 350 planes and killed 2400 Americans. This attack brought America into the war and the bombed fleet was rebuilt. But straight after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japan attacked the islands of Sinapore, Malasya and the Dutch East Indies many other islands were also captured along with 80000 British troops, which was the worst British defeat in the whole war. After the Japanease attacks on the islands in south-east asia the allied fought back but is was slow due to there being many small island under Japanease control. They had to fight Sea Battles in the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway. During thease two battles the USA navy sank six Japanease aircraft carriers. The allied also had to do Island Hopping, this was the American plan on how to take the island back that were in the Pacific. The plan was to capture an important island, build an airfield on it and move on to the next with airsupport. America firt took over the island of Guadalcanal in August 1942 and then during 1943/44 America took back the Pacific island by island. The allied ran into trubble while taking over the islands because most of them were coverd in dence jungle, this became known as Jungle Warfare plus the attitude of the Japanease caused a tremendus loss of life for both sides because the Japanease would never surrender or give up, they would just fight till the end. .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 , .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .postImageUrl , .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 , .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380:hover , .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380:visited , .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380:active { border:0!important; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380:active , .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380 .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uabeeed57da258ec397e54ebd368ed380:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Philosophy - Life's Greatest Questions EssayThe USAF gained the skies over Japan and in 1944 started to bomb Japanease cities,in March 1945 the allies droped incendiary bombs which killed 80000 Japanease people in tokyo. Also the US navy blockeaded the Japanease ports to starve the Japanease people. In July 1945 in the Potsdam Conference the americans tolded the allies they had and were ready to use the atom bomb and on 26 Julythe allies issued the Potsdam Declaration, which stated that if Japan didnt surrender the allies would be forced to use a weapon of mass destruction, but Japan refused to surrender. On the 6 August 1945 the American bomber Enola Gay flew over the Japanease city of Hiroshima and droped the atom bomb Little Boy which killed and destroyed the whole city and the few how survived died a few days later due to radiation sickness. Three days later ,9 August 1945, the Americans droped another atom bomb Fat Man on the Japanease city of Nagasaki. On the 14 August 1945 the Japanease government surrendered and most of the generals commited suicide. The allies governed Japan untill 1952.