Cast System in india

History of the Indian clique organisation From Wikipedia, the manoeuvre encyclopedia Jump to navigation, search Indian confederacy has consisted of thousands of endogamous clans and groups c eached latis since quaint times. The Brahmlnlcal scriptures and texts tried to bring this diversity under a comprehensible lineation which hypothesised four Idealised meta groups called varna.The starting line mention of the formal varna Indian company system Is in the famous Purusha Sukta of the Rigveda, although it is the still mention in the inviolate body of the Vedas and has been decried as a much afterward, non-Vedic insertion y numerous Indologists like Max M?ller and also by Ambedkar. citation expected Contents 1 Hindu scriptures 2 Emergence of unrelenting caste structures 2. Mobility across the castes 3 Reform movements 4 Reterences 5 External links Hindu scriptures In the Vedic period, there also seems to have been no dlscrlmlnatlon against the Shudras on the surface of h earing the sacred words of the Vedas and fully participating in all religious rituals, something which became progressively restricted in the later citation needed Manusmriti, go give away between 200 BCE and 100 CE, ontains some laws that codified the caste system. The Manu Smriti belongs to a class of books that are geared towards ethics, morals. nd societal conduct non spirituality or religion. Emergence of rigid caste structures In its later stages, the caste system is said to have become rigid, and caste began to be inherited rather than acquired by merit. In the past, members of dfferent castes would non partake in various activities, much(prenominal) as dining and religious gatherings, together. In addition, the carrying into action of religious rites and rituals were restricted to Brahmins, who were the designated priesthood. Mobility across the castes The view ot the caste system as silent and unchanging has been disputed by many scholars.For Instance, sociologists such as Bernard Buber and Marriott McKlm describe how the perception of the caste system as a static and textual stratification has given way to the perception of the caste system as a more processual, empirical and contextual stratification. new(prenominal) sociologists such as Y. B Damle have applied theoretical models to explain mobility and flexibleness in the caste system in India. 2 According to these scholars, groups of lower-caste individuals could seek to promote the status of their caste by attempting to emulate the practices of high castes.Some scholars believe that the relational ranking of other castes was fluid or differed from one place to other prior to the arrival of the British. 3 According to some psychologists, mobility across broad caste lines may have been minimal, though sub-castes (Jatis) may change their social status over the generations by fission, re- the question of rigidity in Caste. In an ethnographic study of the Coorgs of Karnataka, e observed considerable flexibility and mobility in their caste hierarchies. 56 He asserts that the caste system is far from a rigid system in which the position of each component caste is stiff for all time.Movement has always been feasible, and especially in the middle regions of the hierarchy. It was always possible for groups born into a lower caste to rise to a higher position by adopting vegetarianism and teetotalism i. e. adopt the customs of the higher castes. slice theoretically forbidden, the process was not uncommon in practice. The notion of anskritization, or the adoption of upper-caste norms by the lower castes, addressed the actual complexness and fluidity of caste relations. Historical examples of mobility in the Indian Caste placement among Hindus have been researched.There is also precedent of certain Shudra families within the temples of the Shrivaishava faction in South India elevating their caste. 2 Reform movements There have been cases of upper caste Hindus warmin g to the Dalits and Hindu priests, demoted to outcaste ranks, who continued practising the religion. An example of the latter was Dnyaneshwar, who was excommunicated from society in he 13th century, but continued to compose the Dnyaneshwari, a Dharmic commentary on the Bhagavad Gita. Other excommunicated Brahmins, such as Eknath, fought for the rights of untouchables during the Bhakti period.Historical examples of Dalit priests include Chokhamela in the 14th century, who was Indias first recorded Dalit poet, Raidas, born into Dalit cobblers, and others. The 1 5th- century nonpareil Ramananda also accepted all castes, including untouchables, into his fold. Most of these saints subscribed to the Bhakti movements in Hinduism during he medieval period that jilted casteism. Nandanar, a low-caste Hindu cleric, also rejected casteism and accepted Dalits. 7 In the 19th century, the Brahmo SamaJ under Raja Ram Mohan Roy, actively campaigned against untouchability.The Arya SamaJ founded by Swami Dayanand also renounced discrimination against Dalits. Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa founded the Ramakrishna Mission that participated in the liberty of Dalits. speed caste Hindus, such as Mannathu Padmanabhan also participated in movements to abolish Untouchability against Dalits, opening move his amily temple for Dalits to worship. While there always have been places for Dalits to worship, the first upper-caste temple to openly welcome Dalits into their fold was the Laxminarayan Temple in Wardha in the grade 1928 (the move was spearheaded by reformer Jamnalal Baja).Also, the Satnami movement was founded by Guru Ghasidas, a Dalit himself. Other reformers, such as Mahatma Jyotirao Phule also worked for the emancipation of Dalits. Another example of Dalit emancipation was the Temple Entry Proclamation issued by the last Maharaja of Travancore in the Indian state of Kerala in the year 1936. The Maharaja proclaimed that outcastes should not be denied the consolations and the sol ace of the Hindu faith. Even today, the Sri Padmanabhaswamy temple that first welcomed Dalits in the state of Kerala is revered by the Dalit Hindu community.The 1930s saw key struggles between Mahatma Gandhi and B. R. Ambedkar, most notably over whether Dalits would have rive electorates or Joint electorates with reserved seats. The Indian National Congress was the only national organisation with a large Dalit following, but Gandhi nalysis of Untouchability, but lacked a workable political strategy his conversion to Buddhism in 1956, along with millions of followers, highlighted the ill luck of his political endeavours. 8 Indias first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, based on his own family with Dalit reformer Ambedkar, also spread information about the dire need to eradicate untouchability for the benefit of the Dalit community. In addition, other Hindu groups have reached out to the Dalit community in an effort to reconcile with them, with productive results.